Dive Site: Desertas Islands

About Desertas Islands

The Desertas Islands, an uninhabited archipelago situated approximately 25 kilometers southeast of Madeira, represent a pristine and highly protected natural reserve. These islands are globally significant as one of the last sanctuaries for the critically endangered Mediterranean monk seal. Access to this remote diving haven is strictly controlled, requiring special permits, making each dive an exclusive adventure into a well-preserved marine ecosystem. Underwater, the Desertas offer dramatic wall dives, characterized by volcanic formations that plunge to significant depths, creating a unique and rugged landscape. The clear Atlantic waters, often boasting visibility exceeding 30 meters, reveal a rich tapestry of marine flora and fauna, including potential encounters with pelagic species drawn to the nutrient-rich currents. Diving here provides a rare opportunity to observe marine life in a near-pristine environment. Beyond the possibility of spotting monk seals, divers can expect to see a diverse range of fish and invertebrates thriving in the protected waters. The absence of human development ensures minimal disturbance, fostering an ecosystem where biodiversity flourishes. Due to their remote location and protected status, trips to the Desertas Islands are typically full-day excursions organized by select dive operators from Madeira. The journey itself often includes opportunities for spotting whales and dolphins, enhancing the overall adventure. Divers should anticipate a boat-based experience, with specific entry and exit protocols designed to preserve the delicate environment.

Dive site facts: Desertas Islands

Depth

5–60 m

Typical dive

15–30 m, 45–60 min

Current

Moderate to strong

Visibility

30–40 m

Water temperature

18–24°C

Entry

Tender / Negative entry

Level

Advanced recommended, current experience essential

Dive type

Wall, pelagic, marine reserve

Night dive

Not permitted

Region / port

Madeira

Coordinates

32.51, -16.51

Conditions & Currents

Diving around the Desertas Islands can involve moderate to strong currents, especially at deeper sections or exposed areas. The islands' location in the open Atlantic means they are influenced by oceanic currents, which contribute to the excellent visibility and attract pelagic species. Divers should be comfortable with drift diving techniques and have good buoyancy control. Entry and exit are typically conducted via tender from the main dive boat, often as negative entries to quickly reach the desired depth and minimize surface disturbance. Surface conditions can vary, and surge might be present closer to the rocky shorelines, requiring attention during safety stops. Thermoclines are generally not a significant issue during the peak diving season, but cooler water can be expected at greater depths. Visibility is consistently excellent, regularly reaching 30 meters and often exceeding 40

Marine life & sighting chances

Mediterranean monk seal

Year-round · occasional

Atlantic spotted eagle ray

occasional

Manta ray

July-September · occasional

Hammerhead shark

rare

Barracuda

common

Moray eel

common

Common stingray

occasional

Amberjack

occasional

Dusky grouper

common

Whale shark

June-October · rare

Dolphin

Year-round · occasional

Pilot whale

Year-round · occasional

Black coral

common

Dive profile & how the dive runs

Diving at the Desertas Islands typically involves a boat-based operation due to its remote location. Upon arrival at a designated dive site, such as off Deserta Grande, divers prepare for a negative entry from the tender to quickly descend below the surface, managing potential currents. The dive often follows a dramatic volcanic wall or reef slope, exploring depths between 15 and 40 meters, with potential for deeper excursions up to 60 meters for experienced divers. The route usually involves a drift along the topography, observing schools of fish, moray eels in crevices, and searching the blue for pelagic encounters. Turnaround time is typically based on air consumption or no-decompression limits, whichever comes first. The ascent is gradual, with a safety stop conducted in the shallower, clearer waters, before surfacing and being picked up by the tender. Specific monk seal viewing protocols are strictly enforced, especially near Bugio Island, which is a protected colony area where diving is prohibited, but seals may be seen opportunistically at other sites.

Underwater photography

The Desertas Islands offer excellent opportunities for wide-angle photography due to the clear water and dramatic volcanic landscapes. A wide-angle lens is ideal for capturing the expansive walls, lava formations, and schools of fish. For potential pelagic encounters, a fast-focusing camera system is beneficial. Strobes or video lights are recommended to bring out the true colors of the marine life and reduce backscatter in the deep blue. While monk seal encounters are a highlight, maintaining a respectful distance is crucial for both the animals' well-being and to adhere to strict protected area guidelines. Buoyancy control is paramount to avoid disturbing the pristine environment, especially when navigating near delicate coral formations or while waiting for shy subjects. Macro photography is less of a focus here, given the emphasis on wide-angle scenery and larger marine life, but curious divers might find interesting smaller subjects in crevices.

Combine with nearby dive sites

• Garajau Marine Reserve

  A flagship protected area near Funchal known for its friendly dusky groupers and rich biodiversity, suitable for all skill levels.

• Reis Magos

  Accessible from shore or boat, this site features volcanic walls, abundant small species like seahorses, and is popular for night dives.

• Porto Santo Reef

  Located off Porto Santo Island, this site is known for its excellent visibility and artificial reefs from deliberately sunk vessels like the Madeirense.

• Caneiro dos Meros

  A dive site on the eastern tip of Madeira known for rugged volcanic boulders and potential encounters with large pelagic species.

Getting there & logistics

Access to the Desertas Islands typically involves full-day excursions from Funchal, Madeira's capital. Divers usually fly into Madeira Airport (FNC), which offers direct connections from various European cities. From Funchal, reputable dive operators organize trips to the Desertas, which includes a boat journey lasting approximately three hours each way. These trips are dependent on weather conditions and require a minimum number of participants. A special permit from the Madeira Natural Park Service is necessary for visiting and diving in the Desertas, which is usually arranged by the dive operator. While there are no specific marine park fees charged directly to divers, the cost of the trip covers these administrative requirements and the logistical challenges of reaching such a remote, protected area. Due to the travel time and nature of the dives, Desertas Islands trips are usually combined as a special highlight within a longer Madeira diving holiday, rather than being part of a multi-day liveaboard itinerary.

Safety & environment

Diving at the Desertas Islands, given its remote nature and potential for strong currents, requires adherence to stringent safety protocols. Divers should always carry valid dive insurance that covers emergency evacuation and hyperbaric treatment. The nearest recompression chamber is located in Funchal, Madeira, which can be several hours away by boat. Evacuation from the Desertas would involve a surface interval and boat transfer, making it crucial to dive conservatively and within personal limits. Site-specific hazards include variable currents, potential surge near rock formations, and the need for excellent buoyancy control to avoid contact with the protected marine environment. Respect for the monk seal sanctuary is paramount; diving in prohibited areas, such as Doca Bay around Bugio Island, is strictly forbidden to protect the resident colony. Always follow the instructions of your dive guide, who possesses local knowledge of conditions and protected area regulations.

Who it suits — and who it doesn't

FAQ

Desertas Islands FAQ

Liveaboards diving Desertas Islands

These liveaboards may visit Desertas Islands on selected itineraries — the exact dive sites depend on departure, weather and conditions.

Water And Wind

Portugal

8 guests13.41 m

$431/day